Get information for inode or block of a file and vice versa

Debugfs can retrieve a file’s inode or block information and vice versa, it is provided by e2fsprogs package, which should be installed by default.
Find a file’s information for inode or block

#find a file’s inode id by ls, the sample file’s inode number is 12
$ls -li /boot/message
12 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 80032 Mar 13  2009 /boot/message
#find a file’s inode or block info by debugfs
$echo "stat message" | debugfs /dev/sda1
debugfs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
debugfs:  Inode: 12   Type: regular    Mode:  0644   Flags: 0x0   Generation: 3354433043
User:     0   Group:     0   Size: 80032
File ACL: 4640    Directory ACL: 0
Links: 1   Blockcount: 162
Fragment:  Address: 0    Number: 0    Size: 0
ctime: 0x4e2371f6 -- Mon Jul 18 09:36:22 2011
atime: 0x49b95d4d -- Fri Mar 13 06:06:53 2009
mtime: 0x49b95d4d -- Fri Mar 13 06:06:53 2009
BLOCKS:
(0-11):7681-7692, (IND):7693, (12-78):7694-7760
TOTAL: 80

Find a file based on inode or block info
#find a file based on inode number by find, but it may take long time to search

$find /boot/ -inum 12
/boot/message
#find a file based on inode number by debugfs
$echo -e "ncheck 12" | debugfs /dev/sda1
debugfs:  Inode Pathname
12    /message
##find a file based on block number by debugfs
#use icheck to find inode number based on block number first
$echo -e "icheck 7693 " | debugfs /dev/sda1
debugfs:  Block Inode number
7693  12
#then use ncheck find the file by inode number
$echo -e "ncheck 12 " | debugfs /dev/sda1
debugfs:  Inode Pathname
12    /message